#legal
Legal considerations for business finance and accounting compliance
In 2026, Maryland, Connecticut, and New York enacted the first U.S. laws restricting surveillance pricing — algorithms that use personal data to charge individual customers different prices. Here's what each law bans, the loyalty-program and cost-based carve-outs, and a compliance checklist for small businesses using dynamic pricing tools.
Under UCC § 2-305, a contract with no agreed price can still bind both parties — courts fill the gap with a "reasonable price at the time for delivery," measured by market rates, course of dealing, and trade usage. Here's how open price terms work, why 2026's tariff-driven cost volatility makes them more common, and how to draft, document, and invoice around them.
Virginia's HB 238, effective July 1, 2026, requires every employer to retain pay statements for at least three years, presumes workers are employees unless the IRS contractor test is met, and imposes treble damages for knowing wage violations. Here is what changed in Va. Code § 40.1-29 and a retention checklist that also covers federal FLSA, IRS, and public-works rules.
After the Supreme Court declined to review Minnesota's captive audience law on February 23, 2026, at least 13 states now ban mandatory employer meetings on unionization, politics, or religion — with penalties like California's $500 per employee per violation. Here's the state list, the NLRB's three-part notice rule, and a compliance checklist for small employers.
The Department of Labor's February 2026 proposal would rescind the 2024 six-factor worker classification test and reinstate a five-factor economic reality framework where control and profit-or-loss opportunity carry the most weight. Here's what changed, what still applies, and how small employers should audit their 1099 contractor relationships now.
New Jersey's finalized ABC test regulations take effect October 1, 2026. Here's what each of the three prongs requires, what changed in the NJDOL's final rule, the penalties for misclassification — up to $1,000 per worker, 200% liquidated damages, and stop-work orders — and how to audit your 1099 contractor relationships before enforcement begins.
Anthropic's $1.5 billion settlement and Thomson Reuters' fair-use win over Ross Intelligence shifted AI copyright liability onto the businesses publishing AI content. Statutory damages can reach $150,000 per work — here are four steps small businesses can take, from prompt hygiene to vendor indemnification and dated content logs.
The U.S. minted its last penny on November 12, 2025, and 19 states have enacted cash-rounding laws in 2026 with no federal standard yet in force. Most states let retailers round cash totals to the nearest nickel at their discretion, Arizona mandates Canadian-style rounding, and Indiana treats rounding gains and losses as income adjustments. Here is how the rules differ, why sales tax is always calculated on the pre-rounding price, and how to book rounding variances so they stay auditable.
Effective January 1, 2026, California's SB 642 expands the Equal Pay Act's definition of wages to cover bonuses, stock options, allowances, hotel accommodations, and travel reimbursements — and lets each paycheck restart the three-year claim clock, with back pay recoverable up to six years. Here is what changed and a practical compliance checklist for small employers.
A 1.3 factor rate on a $50,000 merchant cash advance means $65,000 owed no matter how fast you repay — an effective APR that can exceed 300%. How confession-of-judgment clauses let lenders freeze bank accounts without a hearing, why stacked borrowers default at 3–5x the normal rate, and which states now ban COJs.
New York's DCWP fined production company Splashlight $528,817 for paying fewer than 1 in 5 freelance contracts on time. Here's what the Freelance Isn't Free Act requires — written contracts for work over $800, payment within 30 days, six years of records — and how similar laws in Illinois and California now apply nationwide.
California's AB 406 lets employees use accrued paid sick leave for jury duty, subpoenaed witness testimony, and crime-victim judicial proceedings — expanded January 1, 2026 to cover plea hearings, sentencing, and release decisions — while enforcement moves from the Labor Commissioner to the Civil Rights Department. Here's what every California employer, regardless of size, must update.
