
Toolformer: Self-Supervised Tool Use and Its Limits for Finance AI
Toolformer teaches a 6.7B model to call APIs via perplexity filtering, beating GPT-3 175B on arithmetic. Its single-step design blocks chained ledger calls.

Toolformer teaches a 6.7B model to call APIs via perplexity filtering, beating GPT-3 175B on arithmetic. Its single-step design blocks chained ledger calls.

FinBen finds GPT-4 at 0.63 exact match on FinQA and 0.54 on stock forecasting, barely above random, so accounting agents need validation, not raw LLM math.