#cost-of-goods-sold
Learn how to calculate and track cost of goods sold for inventory valuation
A dry cleaning shop spending $15,000 a month to process 5,000 garments has a $3-per-piece baseline cost before profit — and hidden expenses like re-cleans, unclaimed garments, and idle machine capacity routinely push real costs above the price on the counter.
Menu engineering classifies dishes by margin and popularity into four quadrants: Stars, Plowhorses, Puzzles, and Dogs.
GAAP requires inventory to be reported at the lower of cost or net realizable value under ASC 330; here's how to identify obsolete and slow-moving stock, calculate the write-down, and record it while satisfying the IRS's stricter subnormal-goods test under Treasury Regulation §1.471-2(c).
Filament is only 20-30% of what a 3D print actually costs - machine depreciation, a 2-25% failure rate, and labor make up the rest, and Section 179 combined with 100% bonus depreciation under the OBBBA can let a print-for-hire shop deduct a new printer's full cost in the year it's purchased.
A $65 welded bracelet costs $2-4 in gold-filled chain, but real cost of goods sold includes scrap, consumables, and gold spot-price volatility — here's how permanent jewelry studios should track chain costs, deposits, gift card liabilities, and OSHA/body-art licensing as recurring compliance expenses.
Pharmaceuticals and supplies run 20-25% of revenue at a typical small-animal practice, and the AAHA/VMG chart of accounts plus DEA-compliant drug logs are what keep that margin from quietly leaking away.
In most states taxidermy labor — not just materials — is subject to sales tax, and accurate mount pricing requires materials, labor, and allocated overhead; this guide covers job costing, sales tax rules, and cash flow forecasting for a trade where most revenue lands in a three-month season.
A practical guide for Shopify and Amazon FBA sellers on rebuilding landed cost, pricing, and bookkeeping after the May and August 2025 suspensions of the Section 321 de minimis exemption, with line-by-line duty math, entry-type tradeoffs, and cash-flow tactics.
Six U.S. states now enforce Extended Producer Responsibility laws for packaging, with fee invoices arriving in 2025 and 2026. Here is how California SB 54, Oregon's Recycling Modernization Act, and Colorado's HB22-1355 reshape CPG brand P&L, plus the SKU-level bill of materials, ship-to-state allocation, and inventoriable vs. SG&A accounting treatment required for clean 2026 filings.
A practical accounting guide for farmstead creameries covering Section 263A inventory capitalization, aging cave WIP cost layers, FDA Pasteurized Milk Ordinance and 21 CFR 133 raw milk compliance, Section 179 equipment treatment, channel-specific revenue recognition under ASC 606, and the yield and cost-per-wheel KPIs that separate sustainable cheesemakers from hobbyists.
How multi-brand ghost kitchens record gross revenue under ASC 606, segregate marketplace-facilitated sales tax from DoorDash, Uber Eats, and Grubhub payouts, allocate shared kitchen costs across virtual brands, and compute contribution margin per brand and platform.
How disciplined cannabis dispensaries build books that survive Section 280E—segregating COGS from disallowed expenses, applying the Section 471(c) small-taxpayer carve-out, reconciling METRC to the POS to the general ledger daily, handling FinCEN BSA cash-banking and Form 8300 reporting, and reporting the sales-per-square-foot and basket-size KPIs MSO lenders read.
