
Ordinary and Necessary: The Two-Word Test Behind Every Business Tax Deduction
An IRS business expense must be ordinary (common in your industry) and necessary (helpful to it) under Section 162 — plus the records to prove it.
#irs-requirements
Meet IRS requirements for business tax compliance

An IRS business expense must be ordinary (common in your industry) and necessary (helpful to it) under Section 162 — plus the records to prove it.

There is no US accountant-client privilege: Section 7525 shields only civil IRS tax advice, while a Kovel arrangement via counsel also holds in criminal cases.

The IRS Tax Compliance Report (Letter 6201/6574) proves you filed and paid on time with an embedded digital certificate — no income details shared.

Section 444 lets an S corp or partnership elect a Sept 30, Oct 31 or Nov 30 year end with Form 8716 — in exchange for a Form 8752 deposit due every May 15.

The IRS adds a 20% penalty when you understate tax by more than $5,000 or 10% — substantial authority, Form 8275 disclosure, or reasonable cause removes it.

IRS CP501, CP503 and CP504 arrive in a fixed sequence — CP504 is the Notice of Intent to Levy, and the final notice gives 30 days to file Form 12153.

An IRS Form 4564 Information Document Request is a request, not a court order — answer only what's asked, keep a copy of everything, and ask for time early.

One missed Form 941 deposit draws a 2–15% IRS failure-to-deposit penalty, and unpaid trust fund taxes can become 100% personally yours under the TFRP.

Volunteer hours are worth $0 on your return, but the IRS lets you deduct 14 cents a mile, supplies, and uniforms — and two 2026 changes shrink who benefits.

A PTIN, an EFIN after a 45-day IRS suitability check, and Form 8867 diligence on every credit return — the federal startup checklist for paid preparers.

After the IRS cut 28% of its workforce, phone waits doubled to 14 minutes, paper processing slowed to 36 days, and audit revenue fell 35%. The small-business playbook is to e-file everything, use the Business Tax Account, respond to notices online, and keep audit-ready books.

An IRS Identity Protection PIN is a free six-digit code that blocks anyone from e-filing a federal return with your Social Security number. Here is who can get one, the three ways to request it, how it works for spouses and dependents, and the errors that cause rejections every filing season.