#small-business
Financial management strategies and tools for small business owners
OBBBA raised the SALT deduction cap to $40,400 for 2026, but a 30-cent-per-dollar MAGI phase-down between $505,000 and $606,333 creates a roughly 45% effective marginal rate — the "SALT torpedo." Here is how to decide whether to re-itemize.
Opening Balance Equity is a temporary account that should read $0.00 once setup is done. Learn what it means, how to set up books mid-year from a trial
Owner's equity is Assets minus Liabilities — the running total of contributions, draws, profit, and losses. This guide structures equity accounts for sole proprietors, partnerships, and LLCs, explains why draws are not expenses, and shows the year-end closing entries that keep a balance sheet in balance.
Personal use of a company car is taxable wages. This guide compares the three IRS valuation methods — Annual Lease Value, cents-per-mile (72.5¢ for 2026), and the $1.50 commuting rule — with worked examples and W-2 reporting steps.
A Quality of Earnings report normalizes a company's earnings, reconciles them to cash, and tests every add-back. Sellers who commission their own QoE averaged a 7.4x EBITDA multiple versus 7.0x for those who did not.
A practical guide to qualifying for the SBA 8(a) Business Development Program in 2026 — the $850,000 personal net worth, $400,000 three-year average AGI, and $6.5 million asset caps, the post-Ultima social disadvantage standard, $7M and $4.5M sole-source thresholds, and how to survive the nine-year graduation clock without losing certification.
The Section 1375 sting tax hits an S corporation with a 21% corporate-level tax when it has C-corporation E&P and passive investment income above 25% of gross receipts; three consecutive years of that combination terminates the S election. This guide shows who is exposed, how excess net passive income is calculated, and how to defuse the trap.
Section 414(b), (c), and (m) treat related businesses as one employer for retirement-plan testing. This guide explains controlled-group and affiliated-service-group rules, the spousal and minor-child attribution traps, and the steps multi-business owners should take before opening a 401(k).
A new 401(k) can be nearly free for small employers — Section 45E reimburses up to 100% of startup costs for three years plus $1,000 per employee in contribution credits for five years. Here is who qualifies and how to claim it on Form 8881.
SECURE 2.0 turned Section 45E into a 100% refund of pension plan startup costs—up to $5,000 per year for three years—for employers with 50 or fewer employees, stacked with a per-employee contribution credit worth up to $1,000 and a $500 auto-enrollment credit, all claimed on Form 8881.
Section 530 of the Revenue Act of 1978 blocks the IRS from assessing back payroll taxes on reclassified 1099 workers if a business proves reasonable basis, substantive consistency, and reporting consistency. Revenue Procedure 2025-10 now requires examiners to consider the relief first and sets 25% / 10-year thresholds for the industry-practice safe harbor.
Section 530 of the Revenue Act of 1978 bars the IRS from collecting back employment taxes on misclassified contractors if a business met three tests—reporting consistency, substantive consistency, and a reasonable basis for treating the workers as 1099 contractors.
