#startup
Essential accounting and finance guidance for startup founders
ASC 350-40 governs which software development costs SaaS companies expense and which they capitalize as intangible assets. ASU 2025-06 retires the three-stage model in favor of a probable-to-complete threshold, with the FASB signaling more costs will be expensed. This guide covers what qualifies, the EBITDA and balance-sheet impact, and how to set up an audit-defensible process.
A Section 83(b) election lets founders and early employees pay ordinary income tax on the grant-date value of restricted stock instead of on each vesting tranche, shifting future appreciation into long-term capital gains. The 30-day filing window is absolute and starts on the actual transfer date.
Incentive Stock Options and Non-Qualified Stock Options trigger taxes at different events and rates. This guide covers the AMT trap, qualifying vs. disqualifying dispositions, the $100,000 ISO vesting limit, and eight strategies tech workers use to lower the tax bill on equity compensation.
A 2026 guide to Section 1202 QSBS for founders, early employees, and angel investors — eligibility tests, the new $15M cap and tiered holding periods under OBBBA, stacking with non-grantor trusts, state conformity gaps in California and Pennsylvania, and how to claim the exclusion on Form 8949.
Section 1244 of the Internal Revenue Code lets qualifying small business stock losses be deducted as ordinary losses up to $50,000 per year for single filers and $100,000 for joint filers, bypassing the $3,000 annual cap on capital losses. This guide covers the corporate and shareholder requirements, how to claim the loss on Form 4797, and the documentation traps that disqualify ordinary-loss claims.
A practical guide to managing a startup cap table from incorporation to exit — covering SAFEs, priced rounds, option pool sizing, 409A valuations, vesting mechanics, dilution math, and the diligence-ready habits that prevent costly equity surprises.
Section 41 lets qualified small businesses offset up to $500,000 of annual payroll taxes with the federal R&D credit. This guide covers the four-part qualification test, qualifying wages and cloud spend, the QSB election on Form 6765, and what OBBBA changed for 2025 and 2026 filings.
A US Merchant of Record is the legal seller for your SaaS — handling sales tax, VAT, chargebacks, and PCI so you stop being the seller.
Section 174 of the U.S. tax code restored immediate domestic R&D expensing in 2025 under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, and small businesses have until July 6, 2026 to amend 2022–2024 returns and reclaim refunds on previously capitalized research costs.
Section 195 lets new businesses deduct up to $5,000 of startup costs and another $5,000 of organizational costs under Section 248/709 in the first year, with the remainder amortized over 180 months. Phase-out begins at $50,000 and eliminates the immediate deduction at $55,000.
The R&D tax credit (IRC Section 41) cuts your federal tax bill dollar-for-dollar for qualifying research expenses—yet fewer than one in five eligible businesses claim it. This guide covers the four-part test, QRE categories, the Alternative Simplified Credit calculation, and 2026 changes including restored Section 174 expensing and a $500,000 payroll tax offset for startups.
Delaware's franchise tax can look like a $50,000 surprise—but using the Assumed Par Value Capital Method instead of the portal's default can cut that bill to under $1,000. This guide explains both calculation methods, due dates, penalties, and how clean books make the difference.
